Overview of Direct Object Pronouns
A direct object is the noun that receives the action of the verb. It answers the question “what?” (o quê?) or “whom?” (quem?).
Examples:
These are direct objects.
Replacing the direct object
Direct object pronouns replace these nouns:
Direct object pronouns
| English |
Portuguese |
Example |
| me |
me |
Ele vê-me. |
| you (tu) |
te |
Ele vê-te. |
| him/it (masc.) |
o |
Ele vê-o. |
| her/it (fem.) |
a |
Ele vê-a. |
| us |
nos |
Ele vê-nos. |
| you (vós) |
vos |
Ele vê-vos. |
| them (masc.) |
os |
Ele vê-os. |
| them (fem.) |
as |
Ele vê-as. |
👉 Pronouns must agree in person, number, and (3rd person) gender.
Position of direct object pronouns (EP)
1. After the verb (default: enclisis)
2. Before the verb (with triggers: negation, certain adverbs)
-
Não te vejo.
-
Nunca o leio.
3. With infinitives and compound structures
Pronouns can attach to the infinitive:
⚠️ Important
4. With commands (affirmative)
-
Lê-o!
-
Compra-os!
-
Ouve-me!
❌ Incorrect placement
-
❌ Vou o comprar
-
❌ Vejo te
👉 Pronouns cannot be separated incorrectly from the verb.
🔑 Key point
-
Direct object pronouns replace what/whom receives the action
-
In EP, they are usually attached after the verb
-
Placement depends on syntactic triggers (negation, infinitives, commands, etc.)